{"id":2157,"date":"2016-07-19T09:42:53","date_gmt":"2016-07-19T13:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/?p=2157"},"modified":"2026-03-25T21:55:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T01:55:32","slug":"how-to-shade-the-ultimate-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/2016\/07\/19\/how-to-shade-the-ultimate-tutorial\/","title":{"rendered":"How to shade &#038; pencil shading techniques"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">You guys asked for it, so here it is: the most requested tutorial to date: <em>How to Shade + Shading Techniques<\/em>! :)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shading is the process of applying varying levels of darkness to create the illusion of form and depth.<\/p>\n<p>Aside from practicing proper shading and blending techniques, a good understanding of light, planes and contours\u00a0are\u00a0crucial for turning a flat line drawing into a realistic portrait that conveys\u00a0the illusion of form, bringing your drawing to life.<\/p>\n<p>Below is a\u00a0breakdown of what you can expect to learn from this shading tutorial.<\/p>\n<p>You can click on the links below to quickly\u00a0jump\u00a0to any section of the tutorial. However, I highly suggest you read all the way through!<\/p>\n<div class=\"td-paragraph-padding-4\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><strong><a href=\"#pencilgrades\">Part 1: <\/a><\/strong><a href=\"#pencilgrades\">Understanding Pencil Grades<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981 Intro to Graphite Pencils<br \/>\n\u2981 Shading\u00a0with\u00a0One Pencil<br \/>\n\u2981 Shading\u00a0with a Variety of Pencils<br \/>\n\u2981 Black and White<br \/>\n<a href=\"#shadingtechniques\"><strong>Part 2: <\/strong>Pencil Shading Techniques<\/a><br \/>\n\u2981 Hatching<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981 Cross Hatching<br \/>\n\u2981 Circulism<br \/>\n\u2981 Contour Shading<br \/>\n<a href=\"#shadingtips\"><strong>Part 3:\u00a0<\/strong>Pencil Shading Tips &amp; Tricks<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981\u00a0How to\u00a0Shade Smoothly<br \/>\n\u2981 Increase your Range of Motion<br \/>\n\u2981\u00a0Use the Right Amount of Pressure<br \/>\n\u2981 Value Consistency<br \/>\n<a href=\"#light\"><strong>Part 4: <\/strong>Understanding Light<\/a><br \/>\n\u2981 The Light and Dark Side<br \/>\n\u2981 Cast Shadow and Occlusion Shadow<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"#planes\"><strong>Part 5:<\/strong> Intro to Planes<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#form\"><strong>Part 6:\u00a0<\/strong>Representing Form<\/a><br \/>\n\u2981 Abrupt vs Gradual Shading Transitions<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981\u00a0Is Your Drawing Too Flat?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981 Bumps and Ridges<br \/>\n<a href=\"#practice\"><strong>Part 7:<\/strong> Shading\u00a0Practice<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u2981 Shading Exercises\u00a0and Printable Worksheets<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Specific shading tutorials:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/exclusive-tutorials\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Shade a Face<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/2016\/12\/12\/how-to-shade-an-eyeball\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How to Shade an Eyeball<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8230;will add more soon!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"pencilgrades\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Understanding Pencil Grades<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><a name=\"pencilgrades\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"pencilgrades\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>To achieve a realistic drawing that communicates form and depth, your drawing will need to have a wide range of values. Invest in a set of high quality pencils with a range of grades that fit your specific drawing needs.<\/p>\n<p>A typical full set of pencils will range from 9H (hardest) to 9B (softest). Having a full set is not necessary\u00a0for portrait drawing. The range you need depends on the type of drawings you do.<\/p>\n<p>What are the best pencils for sketching and shading?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hard pencils<\/strong> produce clean, sharp and light lines which are great for sketching, architectural drawings, product sketches, etc. The harder the pencil, the more difficult it is to blend or smudge.<\/p>\n<p>Be careful when\u00a0shading or outlining with\u00a0sharp, hard pencils because they can leave deep indents in your paper which are very difficult to cover up.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Soft pencils<\/strong> produce dull and dark lines\u00a0which\u00a0are easy to blend. Soft pencils deposit more graphite\u00a0with less effort,\u00a0making it easy to fill in space, blend, shade and add texture to your drawing. They are the best pencils for shading and drawing\u00a0portraits!<\/p>\n<p>The pencil grades I use the most for portrait drawing are: HB, 4B, 6B and 8B from <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1Uw2RKe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Derwent<\/a>. You can <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1Uw2RKe\">click here<\/a> to check it out on Amazon.<\/p>\n<p>The best shading pencils should be free of impurities.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2357\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pencil-graphite-value-scale-H-to-9B-RFA-4.jpg\" alt=\"pencil graphite value scale H to 9B RFA 4\" width=\"800\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pencil-graphite-value-scale-H-to-9B-RFA-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pencil-graphite-value-scale-H-to-9B-RFA-4-300x75.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pencil-graphite-value-scale-H-to-9B-RFA-4-768x193.jpg 768w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pencil-graphite-value-scale-H-to-9B-RFA-4-696x175.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You can tell how hard or soft a pencil is by looking at the combination of letters and numbers printed on the end of each pencil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H:<\/strong> Hard<br \/>\n<strong>F:<\/strong> Fine Point<br \/>\n<strong>HB:<\/strong> Hard Black<br \/>\n<strong>B:<\/strong> Black<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Black and White<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Black: With graphite pencils, you won&#8217;t get a deep black. However, you can achieve it with charcoal. They are actually very commonly used together with amazing results.<\/p>\n<p>White: You may have seen artists use correctional fluid (whiteout), paint or white pencil crayon to bring out strong highlights in their drawing. This gives the\u00a0drawing a very\u00a0impactful look and can enhance the level realism. Here&#8217;s an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VKqKzgKUDEI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">example<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Shading\u00a0with One Pencil<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2415\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-with-HB-pencil-vs-Multiple-pencils.jpg\" alt=\"Shading with HB pencil vs Multiple pencils\" width=\"487\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-with-HB-pencil-vs-Multiple-pencils.jpg 748w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-with-HB-pencil-vs-Multiple-pencils-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-with-HB-pencil-vs-Multiple-pencils-696x410.jpg 696w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-with-HB-pencil-vs-Multiple-pencils-712x420.jpg 712w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 487px) 100vw, 487px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If your tool belt\u00a0currently\u00a0consists of a single\u00a0HB pencil,\u00a0your portraits are probably lacking depth.<\/p>\n<p>The HB pencil (aka #2 pencil) is absolutely great for drawing preliminary outlines\u00a0and shading light areas\u00a0because it doesn&#8217;t require much effort to produce faint lines. However, you&#8217;ll need to apply a lot of pressure when it comes to shading dark shadows. All this effort can damage your paper, resulting in a drawing that doesn&#8217;t translate well from multiple viewing angles. Not to mention, it will be impossible to erase.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s an exaggerated example on thin sketch paper.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2188 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/shading-with-the-wrong-pencil-grade-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"shading with the wrong pencil grade RFA\" width=\"251\" height=\"167\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/shading-with-the-wrong-pencil-grade-RFA.jpg 383w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/shading-with-the-wrong-pencil-grade-RFA-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 251px) 100vw, 251px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you prefer to use only one pencil, I suggest using\u00a0a <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1X1I8nx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">2B<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1r4zruI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">3B<\/a> or <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1r4zhnf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">4B<\/a>. They&#8217;re\u00a0flexible enough to reach both ends of the value scale without much effort. If your drawings are usually light, go for a\u00a02B. My favorite is\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1r4zhnf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">4B<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Shading\u00a0with a Variety of Pencils<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>When\u00a0shading\u00a0with a variety of pencil grades, each pencil should only cover a small range of values.<\/p>\n<p>For the\u00a0drawing\u00a0below, I used HB, 4B and 6B.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2417\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-using-multiple-pencils-HB-4B-6B-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shading using multiple pencils HB 4B 6B RFA\" width=\"296\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-using-multiple-pencils-HB-4B-6B-RFA.jpg 328w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-using-multiple-pencils-HB-4B-6B-RFA-224x300.jpg 224w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-using-multiple-pencils-HB-4B-6B-RFA-314x420.jpg 314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>HB:<\/strong>\u00a0Preliminary outlines, some highlights, first layer of shading, eye-whites.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4B:<\/strong>\u00a0Mid-tones, light shadows, detailing, hair,\u00a0first layer of shading for clothes, background.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6B:<\/strong> Darkest shadows, hair, clothes, dark areas of background, pupils, inside the mouth and nostrils.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/2016\/08\/09\/how-to-shade-a-face\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here for a full step by step tutorial on <strong>how to shade a face<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Using multiple pencil grades makes the job easy because there is less effort required to achieve a\u00a0lighter or darker shade. For example, it would have been difficult to shade the background using\u00a0an\u00a0HB and even more difficult to shade highlights using a 6B.<\/p>\n<p>If you need help selecting the best pencil grades for a portrait, create a value scale using your own graphite\u00a0pencils, compare the values to\u00a0your reference image directly and\u00a0select the range of pencils that closely match the values you need.<\/p>\n<p>The range of values can vary greatly\u00a0from\u00a0one portrait to another\u00a0due to lighting or skin color. The 2 faces below have very different\u00a0highlights, mid-tones and shadows.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2336\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Portrait-Drawing-Value-Scale-RFA-2.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait Drawing Value Scale RFA 2\" width=\"582\" height=\"242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Portrait-Drawing-Value-Scale-RFA-2.jpg 534w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Portrait-Drawing-Value-Scale-RFA-2-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Portrait-Drawing-Value-Scale-RFA-2-533x222.jpg 533w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>For the\u00a0face on the left, I would shade my drawing with\u00a0an HB for outlines and eye-whites, a 4B for the rest of the face and maybe a 6B for the pupils.<\/p>\n<p>For the\u00a0face on the right, I would use an HB for outlines and highlights, 4B for my first layer of shading, 5B for the second layer and light shadows,\u00a06B for darker shadows and eye detailing, and finally a 9B for the darkest shadows.<br \/>\n<a name=\"shadingtechniques\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Portrait Pencil Shading Techniques<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Below are a few portrait\u00a0pencil shading techniques for beginners and experienced artists alike.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Hatching<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2168 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Hatching-Pencil-Shading-Example-1-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Hatching Pencil Shading Example 1 RFA\" width=\"289\" height=\"159\" \/><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>This shading technique consists of a series of\u00a0lines that go in one general direction. You can increase the value by applying more pressure and or\u00a0using a softer grade of\u00a0pencil.<\/p>\n<p>This is my favorite and most used technique, especially for speed drawings!\u00a0It&#8217;s a huge time saver.<\/p>\n<p>When using this technique, always angle your pencil more towards the paper so your strokes are nice and thick.\u00a0This allows you to minimize gaps, making it easier to blend.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Cross Hatching<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2407\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Cross-hatching-shading-technique-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Cross hatching shading technique RFA\" width=\"383\" height=\"76\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Cross-hatching-shading-technique-RFA.jpg 483w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Cross-hatching-shading-technique-RFA-300x60.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The cross hatching technique consists of overlapping lines coming from multiple\u00a0directions.<\/p>\n<p>I use this technique to convey wrinkled or highly textured skin as well as some types of fabrics.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Circulism<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2169 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Circulism-Shading-Example-2-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Circulism Shading Example 2 RFA\" width=\"389\" height=\"129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Circulism-Shading-Example-2-RFA.jpg 713w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Circulism-Shading-Example-2-RFA-300x100.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Circulism-Shading-Example-2-RFA-696x231.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px\" \/><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Circulism is my second favorite shading technique. It&#8217;s great for creating realistic skin textures. The idea is to draw many circles that overlap each other, building tone with each added layer.<\/p>\n<p>This technique requires a lot of patience!<\/p>\n<p>When using this technique to draw skin with fine wrinkles,\u00a0use a sharp tip. For smooth skin, angle your pencil more so you get slightly blunt circles which are much easier to blend, giving the skin a softer appearance.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Contour Shading<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2472\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Contour-Shading-Example-Lips-RFA-3.jpg\" alt=\"Contour Shading Example Lips RFA 3\" width=\"648\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Contour-Shading-Example-Lips-RFA-3.jpg 683w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Contour-Shading-Example-Lips-RFA-3-300x68.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>This technique is similar to hatching or cross hatching, except you&#8217;re curving the lines to follow the contour of the form\u00a0you are shading. Contour lines can be drawn vertically, horizontally and even diagonally. This is a great shading\u00a0technique\u00a0to practice\u00a0giving\u00a0form to your line drawings. With a sharp pencil tip, it&#8217;s\u00a0great for shading fine wrinkles.<\/p>\n<p>In the image below, I used all of the realistic shading techniques above to convey wrinkly skin. For the first few layers, I used circulism, then I used the other three shading techniques to achieve various textures found in wrinkly skin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tip:<\/strong> When drawing wrinkly or rough skin, avoid blending your graphite.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2474\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Techniques Closeup RFA\" width=\"540\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA.jpg 822w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA-768x584.jpg 768w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA-696x529.jpg 696w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shading-Techniques-Closeup-RFA-552x420.jpg 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><br \/>\n<a name=\"shadingtips\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Pencil\u00a0Shading Tips and Tricks<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><a name=\"shadingtips\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"shadingtips\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>How to Shade Smoothly<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>There are a few factors involved in achieving a smooth pencil shade.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.) Good Pressure Control<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maintain consistent pressure for each individual stroke.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2400\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Pressure-RFA-sm.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Pressure RFA\" width=\"488\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Pressure-RFA-sm.jpg 600w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Pressure-RFA-sm-300x110.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re shading into a lighter area, though, it helps to reduce the amount of pressure at the end of the stroke so you get a nice gradient instead of an abrupt change in value.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2448\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Abrupt-Shading-001.jpg\" alt=\"Abrupt Shading 001\" width=\"307\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Abrupt-Shading-001.jpg 443w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Abrupt-Shading-001-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.) Tight Strokes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To get a smooth shade, you&#8217;ll want thick strokes which are close together. Move your hand high up on the pencil and away from the tip.\u00a0The more you angle\u00a0the <em>side<\/em> of your lead\u00a0towards the paper, the thicker your strokes will be. The thicker, the better! These strokes can be easily blended.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2195 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-1-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"how to shade smoothly pencil angle 1 RFA\" width=\"345\" height=\"93\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-1-RFA.jpg 382w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-1-RFA-300x81.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tip:<\/strong> If you re-positioned your hand on the pencil for any reason while shading, scribble on a scrap piece of paper until you regain the same stroke thickness before\u00a0you continue\u00a0with your drawing in case you\u00a0catch\u00a0a sharp edge.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2196 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-2-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"how to shade smoothly pencil angle 2 RFA\" width=\"344\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-2-RFA.jpg 392w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/how-to-shade-smoothly-pencil-angle-2-RFA-300x129.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Avoid holding your pencil like you would if you were writing, especially if you just sharpened your pencil. The lines are more difficult to blend and it requires more\u00a0time and effort to keep your strokes tight, not to mention cover more ground. A drawing shaded like this will look very scratchy.<\/p>\n<p>This position can, however work very well for shading areas of the skin with fine lines\/wrinkles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.) Shadow Lining<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is a method I came up with a while back where I only use a specific shading technique to outline areas of light and shadow before I shade.\u00a0I don&#8217;t want to explain it using 3\u00a0paragraphs every time I refer to it, so I&#8217;m going to call it<strong> shadow lining<\/strong> from now on. I think it&#8217;s a car detailing term but it fits, so I&#8217;ll just use it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For example:<\/strong> If I&#8217;m shading a face using the circulism method, I will also use circulism to outline shadows and highlights on the face. If you don&#8217;t outline your shadows or highlights, then this method may not apply to you (It&#8217;s very effective for drawing hairlines though).<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s an example from my <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/2016\/08\/09\/how-to-shade-a-face\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">face shading tutorial<\/a><\/strong> using the hatching technique.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3169\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shadow-Lining-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shadow Lining\" width=\"754\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shadow-Lining-RFA.jpg 754w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shadow-Lining-RFA-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Shadow-Lining-RFA-696x238.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/>Shadow Lining is a great way to plan out your shading without having your outlines show through in your final drawing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.)\u00a0Reduce\u00a0White Dots<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The more textured the paper, the more white dots you will get across your drawing.\u00a0This can make your drawing look very grainy.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2175\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-white-dots-in-drawing-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"getting rid of white dots in drawing RFA\" width=\"263\" height=\"118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-white-dots-in-drawing-RFA.jpg 453w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-white-dots-in-drawing-RFA-300x134.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You can reduce white dots by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Shading in many layers.\u00a0You&#8217;ll notice that with each added layer,\u00a0the dots reduce in size and number.<\/li>\n<li>You can also use a sharp pencil to carefully fill in large or weirdly shaped dots to improve the texture of your shading.<\/li>\n<li>Or you can blend the graphite using a blending tool of your choice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5.) Remove Black Dots<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Again, if you&#8217;re using a highly textured paper, you might get\u00a0some\u00a0black dots across your drawing. If you&#8217;re shading skin, these dots can look like stubble (it&#8217;s even worse when paired with white dots). If you&#8217;re going to\u00a0use a blending tool on\u00a0your drawing, remove the dots first!<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2187\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-black-dots-blotches-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"getting rid of black dots blotches RFA\" width=\"388\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-black-dots-blotches-RFA.jpg 388w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/getting-rid-of-black-dots-blotches-RFA-300x179.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Create a pointy end on your kneaded eraser to dab each of the dots away. Dab lightly! It&#8217;s tedious but well worth it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6.) Blend<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Before you blend, make sure that your strokes are tight, the shading is even and there aren&#8217;t too many white and black dots. Blending smooths out your shading, but it&#8217;s not a miracle solution for lazy people. If your shading is sloppy\u00a0to begin with, blending isn&#8217;t going to help.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>Increase your Range of Motion<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Are you frustrated by <strong>inconsistent,\u00a0short, choppy strokes<\/strong>? Improve the quality of your strokes and increase your stroke length by harnessing the power of your elbow and shoulder.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2408\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Overhand-Grip.jpg\" alt=\"RFA Overhand Grip\" width=\"328\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Overhand-Grip.jpg 328w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Overhand-Grip-273x300.jpg 273w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Use an overhand grip on\u00a0your\u00a0pencil\u00a0paired with movement from\u00a0your elbow and shoulder to\u00a0create\u00a0longer and\u00a0straighter\u00a0lines.\u00a0This will give you a much wider range of motion compared to using just your wrist or finger joints. To shade darker, press your index finger down on the pencil&#8217;s tip.<\/p>\n<p>You can also hold your pencil with a regular grip which would give you more precision, but it&#8217;s not as good for shading large spaces where you need the shading to be smooth.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Use\u00a0the Right Amount of Pressure<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Your pencil grip and wrist movement should be generally loose, except when shading the darkest values and doing detailing work.\u00a0Use light to medium pressure\u00a0and switch to a softer pencil when the one you are using cannot go any darker.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Value Consistency<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Does the overall shading of your portrait lack balance? Make sure your\u00a0lighting\u00a0is consistent across the entire portrait by keeping track of how dark you shade each area of the portrait. You can do this by\u00a0referencing back to one main value. For me, the main value is the darkest or lightest value already established in the portrait.<\/p>\n<p>Create a value scale to use\u00a0for\u00a0cross referencing if needed.<br \/>\n<a name=\"light\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Understanding Light<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>When shading, you are essentially reproducing the value of light as it interacts with a form. Understanding light is crucial in order to create a convincing portrait.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m going to use a sphere with one main light source as an example because the light is more predictable.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2340 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Terminator-and-light-source-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Terminator and light source RFA\" width=\"214\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Terminator-and-light-source-RFA.jpg 294w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Terminator-and-light-source-RFA-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the image\u00a0on the right, the light source is coming from\u00a0the top left. The area\u00a0facing the light is <strong>the light side<\/strong> and the area facing away from the light is <strong>the shadow side<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The transition zone is referred to as the\u00a0<strong>terminator<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>The Light Side &amp; the Shadow Side<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2389\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2389\" style=\"width: 469px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2389\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-how-to-shade-with-graphite-light-side-dark-side-rfa.jpg\" alt=\"Sphere how to shade with graphite light side dark side rfa\" width=\"469\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-how-to-shade-with-graphite-light-side-dark-side-rfa.jpg 460w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-how-to-shade-with-graphite-light-side-dark-side-rfa-300x154.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 469px) 100vw, 469px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2389\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The side facing the light consists of the <strong>core light, highlight<\/strong> and <strong>mid-tones<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Core Light:<\/strong> The area on the surface of a form that faces the light source directly. It is darker than the highlight.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Highlight:<\/strong> A reflection of the light source on the\u00a0form. The highlight is the lightest area and will appear in different places depending on your viewing angle. At certain angles, the highlight will not exist in your line of sight. On glossy surfaces, it will be very defined, while appearing soft on matte surfaces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mid-Tones:<\/strong> Mid-tones are the darkest values on the light side, and\u00a0are lighter than the core shadow. These areas are not facing the light directly. Mid-tones appear darker and darker as they approach the shadow side, as the surface of the form starts facing away from the light.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2268\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2268\" style=\"width: 464px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2268\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-Light-and-Shadow-Side-RFA-Drawing-2.jpg\" alt=\"Sphere - Light and Shadow Side RFA Drawing 2\" width=\"464\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-Light-and-Shadow-Side-RFA-Drawing-2.jpg 697w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-Light-and-Shadow-Side-RFA-Drawing-2-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Sphere-Light-and-Shadow-Side-RFA-Drawing-2-696x357.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2268\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image\u00a02<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The side facing away from the light consists of the <strong>core shadow <\/strong>and <strong>reflected light<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Core Shadow:<\/strong> The core shadow or form shadow is a dark strip that appears after the terminator.\u00a0The appearance of the core shadow can be affected by reflections or multiple light sources. In\u00a0&#8216;image 1&#8217; the core shadow is less prominent on the left side due to reflections from the white table.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Reflected Light:<\/strong> Objects are not only lit by light sources, but also by reflected light. That&#8217;s why shadows are rarely ever black. Light bounces off different surfaces such as walls or even dust particles in the air, creating reflections. These reflections can vary in color and value.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Cast Shadow and Occlusion Shadow<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A <strong>cast shadow<\/strong> appears when a form blocks light from reaching the surface of another form.\u00a0The edges of a cast shadow can appear soft or hard depending on the intensity and distance of the light source. In direct sunlight the edges will appear hard, while in diffused light such as a cloudy day, edges will be soft.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2345\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Sphere-Cast-Shadow-Occlusion-Shadow.png\" alt=\"RFA Sphere - Cast Shadow Occlusion Shadow\" width=\"446\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Sphere-Cast-Shadow-Occlusion-Shadow.png 697w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Sphere-Cast-Shadow-Occlusion-Shadow-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Sphere-Cast-Shadow-Occlusion-Shadow-696x298.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 446px) 100vw, 446px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The longer a cast shadow gets, the lighter and softer it becomes due to reflected light from the environment around it.<\/p>\n<p>The area immediately below the sphere is called an <strong>occlusion shadow<\/strong> and is usually the darkest area as it is\u00a0least affected by reflected light.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tip:<\/strong> You can find the\u00a0direction of the light source in a scene if you trace the edges of the cast shadow against the form it is cast from.<br \/>\n<a name=\"planes\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Can you label the values on the nose sculpture below?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3363\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Nose-Sculpture-Values-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"nose-sculpture-values-rfa\" width=\"276\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Nose-Sculpture-Values-RFA.jpg 276w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Nose-Sculpture-Values-RFA-246x300.jpg 246w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 276px) 100vw, 276px\" \/><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Intro to Planes<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><a name=\"planes\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"planes\"><\/a><br \/>\nThe hardest part of shading hands down is being able to\u00a0add the right amount of value\u00a0in the right spots.<\/p>\n<p>The surface of a\u00a0cube\u00a0is much easier for someone to shade realistically compared to a sphere because you can clearly see which sides of the object are facing the light and which ones are facing away. These\u00a0flat surfaces\u00a0are called planes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2359\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Planes-RFA-3.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Planes RFA 3\" width=\"394\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Planes-RFA-3.jpg 518w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Planes-RFA-3-300x203.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Planes angled towards the light directly are the lightest. As the planes start angling away from the light, they receive less and less light, hence appearing\u00a0darker.<\/p>\n<p>Before shading a portrait, it&#8217;s good practice to simplify what you see by breaking\u00a0areas of the face into planes\u00a0so your brain can process the information better. This allows you to find patterns of light more easily and can also improve your\u00a0overall\u00a0drawing accuracy.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"form\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Representing Form<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Is your shading\u00a0incorrectly representing the form you intended to draw?<\/p>\n<p>Before you shade\u00a0anything, <strong>analyze your subject\u00a0<\/strong>until you understand it&#8217;s\u00a0<strong>contours<\/strong>\u00a0instead of trying to figure\u00a0it out as you draw. It really helps to observe your subject from multiple angles.\u00a0Once you familiarize yourself with your subject, decide on how you will shade before you actually shade.<\/p>\n<p>Here are a few things to keep in mind before and while you shade:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abrupt vs Gradual Shading Transitions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2403\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Gradual-Shading-Transition-RFA-sm.jpg\" alt=\"Gradual Shading Transition RFA\" width=\"332\" height=\"91\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Gradual-Shading-Transition-RFA-sm.jpg 398w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Gradual-Shading-Transition-RFA-sm-300x82.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you want to convey a round edge, avoid abrupt shading transitions.\u00a0The more gradual your shading is, the more smooth your edge becomes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is Your Drawing Too Flat?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s common for beginners to leave large areas of their portraits (such as cheeks) white.\u00a0Areas that remain white or are shaded with a solid tone indicate that they are facing the same direction. Have a look at the center forehead plane in the three images below.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2419\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Flat-Drawing-Example-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Flat Drawing Example RFA\" width=\"277\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Flat-Drawing-Example-RFA.jpg 303w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Flat-Drawing-Example-RFA-202x300.jpg 202w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Flat-Drawing-Example-RFA-283x420.jpg 283w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The center plane in the first image is shaded with a solid tone, making it\u00a0appear\u00a0flat. The following two images introduce a range of very subtle tones,\u00a0giving the surface slight bumps.<\/p>\n<p>The addition of these values are subtle, but do their job in transforming a flat surface into a more shapely one. Also take a close look at the right forehead plane. The shading is even more subtle, but still does not\u00a0come across as flat.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2423 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Smile-Lines-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Smile Lines RFA\" width=\"181\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Smile-Lines-RFA.jpg 229w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Smile-Lines-RFA-189x300.jpg 189w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 181px) 100vw, 181px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bumps and Ridges<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sometimes, we may have the tendency to over represent or\u00a0exaggerate subtle forms such as eye bags, pimples and smile lines. Instead of defining a form using an outline or line,<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0<\/span>practice representing these forms using gradients.<br \/>\n<a name=\"practice\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><strong>Shading Practice<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><a name=\"practice\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"practice\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Download the printable worksheets below and follow the instructions carefully. If you don&#8217;t have a printer, that&#8217;s okay. Follow along using your sketchbook!<\/p>\n<p>If you want to practice shading on\u00a0simple objects, grab a bright lamp, a set of <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2qAgfJQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">geometric shapes<\/a> and set up a scene!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Shading-Worksheet-Page-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Page 1<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/RFA-Shading-Worksheet-Page-2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Page 2<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercise #1: Pressure Control<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For the exercises below, try to implement the shading tips and techniques mentioned in Part 2 of the tutorial.\u00a0You can\u00a0apply different\u00a0shading techniques to the exercises too (cross hatching, circulism, etc).<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.a) \u00a0<\/strong>Without lifting your pencil or taking any breaks, draw tight lines back and forth from one end of your sketch book to the\u00a0other. Gradually increase your pressure as you go. Your goal is to get a smooth gradient.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2426\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1a.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 1a\" width=\"296\" height=\"67\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1a.jpg 348w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1a-300x68.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.b)<\/strong> Do\u00a0it\u00a0again, but this time, go from dark to light.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.c)<\/strong>\u00a0Shade a solid tone without lifting your\u00a0pencil.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2429\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1c-1.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 1c\" width=\"299\" height=\"73\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1c-1.jpg 390w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1c-1-300x73.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 299px) 100vw, 299px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.d)<\/strong>\u00a0Shade a solid tone from one end of your sketchbook to the other. Lift your pencil every now and then and rotate it slightly before you continue shading. Don&#8217;t forget to scribble on a scrap piece of paper to test your pencil&#8217;s sharpness before\u00a0you continue!\u00a0Your goal is to <strong>make it look<\/strong> as though you <strong>never lifted the pencil<\/strong> at all.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.e)<\/strong>\u00a0Pick out a few different pencil grades such as HB, 2B, 4B and 6B. Shade in order from hardest to softest pencil and go from left to right. Your goal is to blend the values together seamlessly so you get something that looks like image 1.a).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2430\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1e.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 1e\" width=\"332\" height=\"102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1e.jpg 478w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1e-300x92.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.f)<\/strong>\u00a0Layering: Use an HB pencil to shade an even layer of graphite across the page. Split the area into 4 spaces labeling them 3, 2 and 1. Add a darker layer of graphite over your first layer from left to right and ease up on the pressure as you approach 1. Do the same thing except this time stopping at 2. Then the same thing for 3.<\/p>\n<p>At this point, you may notice some inconsistencies. Make corrections by adding a few more layers where needed.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2436\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1d-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 1d RFA\" width=\"279\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1d-RFA.jpg 279w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1d-RFA-181x300.jpg 181w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1d-RFA-253x420.jpg 253w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 279px) 100vw, 279px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.g)<\/strong>\u00a0Select a few different pencil grades and shade a series of rectangles.\u00a0Use <strong>only<\/strong> your pencil to blend each of the values together.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2433\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1g.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 1g\" width=\"268\" height=\"141\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1g.jpg 339w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-1g-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercise #2: Stretch and Compress Values<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.a)<\/strong>\u00a0Draw a series of wide to narrow boxes. Shade each one using vertical strokes. Follow this pattern using one or multiple pencils: Shadow, Mid-tone, Highlight, Mid-tone, Shadow.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2432\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-2a.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise 2a\" width=\"227\" height=\"75\" \/>Exercise #3: Analyzing Contours<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>3a.)<\/strong> Add contour lines to each of the shapes below.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2440\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Exercise-Contours-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Exercise Contours RFA\" width=\"356\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Exercise-Contours-RFA.jpg 586w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Exercise-Contours-RFA-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Exercise-Contours-RFA-324x160.jpg 324w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>3b.)<\/strong> Make up your own shapes and add contour lines to them. Once you&#8217;re done, decide where the light is coming from and shade them in.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3c.)<\/strong>\u00a0Select 3 very different faces from a magazine and draw vertical and horizontal contour lines across each face.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercise #4: Edges, Light and Shadow<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.a)<\/strong>\u00a0Determine the direction of the light and shade vertically along each jagged line. Around sharp edges, tighten your terminator and loosen it around smoother edges. If you really want a challenge, give each image cast shadows as well.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2438\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-Edges-Light-Shadow-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Shading Exercise Edges Light Shadow RFA\" width=\"315\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-Edges-Light-Shadow-RFA.jpg 424w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-Edges-Light-Shadow-RFA-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Shading-Exercise-Edges-Light-Shadow-RFA-297x420.jpg 297w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercise #5: Planes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>5a.)<\/strong> Select any 3 objects around you and simplify them using geometric shapes. Shade them\u00a0once you&#8217;re done.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2413\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Practice-Primary-and-Secondary-Planes-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Practice Primary and Secondary Planes RFA\" width=\"354\" height=\"115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Practice-Primary-and-Secondary-Planes-RFA.jpg 477w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Practice-Primary-and-Secondary-Planes-RFA-300x97.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>5b.)<\/strong>\u00a0Find 3 faces in a magazine and use a pen to outline\u00a0major\u00a0planes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2439\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Face-Planes-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"Face Planes RFA\" width=\"170\" height=\"189\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>5c.)<\/strong> Draw planar faces and shade them by coming up with as many lighting arrangements as\u00a0you can think of.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2608\" src=\"http:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/How-to-Shade-Planar-Faces-RFA.jpg\" alt=\"How to Shade Planar Faces RFA\" width=\"495\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/How-to-Shade-Planar-Faces-RFA.jpg 600w, https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/How-to-Shade-Planar-Faces-RFA-300x106.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercise #6: Elbow and Shoulder<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>6a.)<\/strong> Shade\u00a0the 2 shapes using an overhand grip while moving your elbow and shoulder. Make sure to scribble on a separate sheet of paper before you begin to increase the thickness of your lines. Make sure\u00a0that each stroke you make reaches the full length of each shape. Only lift your pencil once you get from one end to the other.<\/p>\n<p>This is my longest tutorial to date, consisting of\u00a0more than 3,400\u00a0words!\u00a0I\u00a0tried to cover as much as I could in this tutorial. If\u00a0there&#8217;s something you&#8217;d like me to add, please let me know!<\/p>\n<p>If you enjoyed this tutorial, please share it with all your friends!<\/p>\n<p>What tutorials would you like\u00a0to see\u00a0next? Let me know in the comments below!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You guys asked for it, so here it is: the most requested tutorial to date: How to Shade + Shading Techniques! :) Shading is the process of applying varying levels of darkness to create the illusion of form and depth. Aside from practicing proper shading and blending techniques, a good understanding of light, planes and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[115,12],"tags":[36],"class_list":["post-2157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-learn-how-to-draw","tag-how-to-shade"],"aioseo_notices":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235-300x218.jpg",300,218,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"large":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"ug_big":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false],"gg_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/THUMBNAIL-How-to-Shade-RFA-324x235.jpg",324,235,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Darlene Nguyen","author_link":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/author\/darlenenguyen\/"},"uagb_comment_info":96,"uagb_excerpt":"You guys asked for it, so here it is: the most requested tutorial to date: How to Shade + Shading Techniques! :) Shading is the process of applying varying levels of darkness to create the illusion of form and depth. Aside from practicing proper shading and blending techniques, a good understanding of light, planes and&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2157"}],"version-history":[{"count":200,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8218,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2157\/revisions\/8218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rapidfireart.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}